Now that you can ask questions, let's learn how to point things out. `Ini` (this) and `itu` (that) are two of the most frequently used words in any language, allowing you to interact with the world around you directly.
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
The concept is identical to English, but even simpler.
| Pronoun | English | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Ini (ee-nee) | This / These | Used for objects or people near the speaker. |
| Itu (ee-too) | That / Those | Used for objects or people far from the speaker. |
This is where your knowledge starts to compound. You can now make your questions much more specific.
One of the best things about Malay is its simplicity with plurals. The words `ini` and `itu` do not change whether you are talking about one thing or many things.
Example: The context of the conversation (whether you're looking at one book or a pile of them) tells the listener if it's singular or plural. The words `ini` and `itu` stay the same!
Master `ini` and `itu` with this focused flashcard deck.
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Fill in the blank based on the description.
Translate the following short phrases and questions.
In Malaysia, as in many Southeast Asian cultures, pointing directly at someone or something with the index finger can be considered rude or aggressive. The more polite and common way to point is with the thumb of the right hand, with the other four fingers curled into a loose fist. You can also gesture towards something with your whole, open hand. It's a small gesture that shows great cultural awareness.
A short dialogue between two friends at a fruit stall.
Ali: Wah, banyak buah! Apa ini? (wah, bahn-yahk boo-ah! ah-pah ee-nee?)
Siti: Ini manggis. Itu rambutan. (ee-nee mahng-gees. ee-too rahm-boo-tahn.)
Ali: Oh, sedap! Siapa itu? (oh, suh-dahp! see-ah-pah ee-too?)
Siti: Itu penjual. Nama dia Encik Dolah. (ee-too puhn-joo-ahl. nah-mah dee-ah en-chik doh-lah.)
Ali: Wow, so much fruit! What is this?
Siti: This is mangosteen. That is rambutan.
Ali: Oh, delicious! Who is that?
Siti: That is the seller. His name is Mr. Dolah.
Hebat! (Great!) You can now identify and ask about specific things around you. This is a perfect foundation for our next chapter, which is one of the most useful and enjoyable topics: Makanan dan Minuman (Food and Drinks). You'll soon be able to point at a menu and say, "Saya mahu ini!" (I want this!).